<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>Tehran University Medical Journal</title>
<title_fa>مجله دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران</title_fa>
<short_title>Tehran Univ Med J</short_title>
<subject>Medical Sciences</subject>
<web_url>http://tumj.tums.ac.ir</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>1</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>admin</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>1683-1764</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>1735-7322</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>10.18869/acadpub.tumj</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid>000</journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai>000</journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science>000</journal_id_science>
<language>fa</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1390</year>
	<month>6</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2011</year>
	<month>9</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>69</volume>
<number>6</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>fa</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa>ژنتیک مولکولی و ژن درمانی در سرطان مری: مقاله مروری</title_fa>
	<title>Molecular genetics and gene therapy in esophageal cancer: a review article</title>
	<subject_fa></subject_fa>
	<subject></subject>
	<content_type_fa></content_type_fa>
	<content_type></content_type>
	<abstract_fa>&lt;p&gt;&lt;!--stripped--&gt; &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;o:TargetScreenSize&gt;800x600&lt;/o:TargetScreenSize&gt; &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt; &lt;!--stripped--&gt;&lt;!--stripped--&gt; &lt;!--stripped--&gt; &lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt; &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt; &lt;w:TrackMoves /&gt; &lt;w:TrackFormatting /&gt; &lt;w:PunctuationKerning /&gt; &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /&gt; &lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt; &lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt; &lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt; &lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF /&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt; &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;AR-SA&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt; &lt;w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables /&gt; &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell /&gt; &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct /&gt; &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules /&gt; &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit /&gt; &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /&gt; &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning /&gt; &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents /&gt; &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps /&gt; &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt; &lt;w:BrowserLevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt; &lt;m:mathPr&gt; &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot; &gt; &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot; &gt; &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;--&quot; &gt; &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot; &gt; &lt;m:dispDef /&gt; &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; &gt; &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot; &gt; &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot; &gt; &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot; &gt; &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot; &gt; &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot; &gt; &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;!--stripped--&gt;&lt;!--stripped--&gt; &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
  LatentStyleCount=&quot;267&quot;&gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;35&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;10&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Title&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; Name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;59&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot; &gt; &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;false&quot;
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&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify direction: rtl unicode-bidi: embed&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;سرطان مری با حدود
386000 مرگ و میر در سال، ششمین عامل مرگ ناشی از سرطان در جهان است، که حاصل
مجموعه عامل‌های محیطی مانند دود تنباکو، رفلاکس معدی- مروی و تغییرات ژنتیکی است.
رفلاکس معدی- مروی مزمن معمولا به جایگزینی مخاط سنگفرشی توسط مخاط بارت نوع روده‌ای
و متاپلاستیک منجر می‌شود. بر خلاف آدنوکارسینوم مری، عامل‌های خطر و ساز و کارهای
متفاوت مولکولی از جمله جهش در انکوژن‌ها و ژن‌های سرکوب‌گر تومور در ایجاد
کارسینوم سلول سنگفرشی مری نقش دارند. مطالعات مولکولی، ناهنجاری‌های ژنتیکی را مانند
دگرگونی در بیان ژن‌های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;P53&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;P16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، سیکلین &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;D1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;EGFR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;E-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt&quot;&gt;cadherin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;COX-2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;NOS&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;RAR&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;ها، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;R&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt&quot;&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt&quot;&gt;h&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;TERT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;P21&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;APC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt&quot;&gt;c-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;MYC&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;VEGF&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;TGT&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt&quot;&gt;α&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;NF-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt&quot;&gt;κ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;B&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot;&gt;در
کارسینوم سلول سنگفرشی مری و آدنوکارسینوم مری نشان داده‌اند. در زمینه نقش چند شکلی
ژن‌های متفاوت در خطر ابتلا به سرطان مری، بررسی‌های گوناگونی انجام شده است. توجه
به تغییرات اساسی مشتمل بر خودکفایی و خوداتکایی در پیام‌های رشد، عدم حساسیت به پیام‌های
ضد رشد، پرهیز از آپوپتوز، تکثیر بالقوه نامحدود، رگ‌زایی پایدار و تهاجم بافتی و متاستاز
ضروری است. ترکیبات گوناگونی مانند بستاتین، &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;C&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt&quot;&gt;urcumin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، تمشک سیاه،
5- لیپواکسیژناز &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;LOX&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، مهار کننده‌های &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;COX-2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot;&gt;شناسایی شده‌اند که در مهار سرطان‌زایی در مری نقش
دارند. رویکردهای متفاوت ژن درمانی مانند ژن درمانی با استفاده از جایگزینی &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;P53&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt;، ژن درمانی با
استفاده از جایگزینی &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 8pt&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 7pt&quot;&gt;21WAF1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt&quot;&gt; &lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot;&gt;و درمان با واسطه ژن‌های خودکشی تاکنون آزمایش شده
است. تلاش‌هایی در جهت استفاده از نانو فن‌آوری و فن‌آوری آپتامر نیز در دست ابداع
است.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; With approximately 386,000 deaths per year, esophageal cancer is the 6th most common cause of death due to cancer in the world. This cancer, like any other cancer, is the outcome of genetic alterations or environmental factors such as tobacco smoke and gastro-esophageal reflux. Tobacco smoking is a major etiologic factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in western countries, and it increases the risk by approximately 3 to 5 folds. Chronic gastro-esophageal reflux usually leads to the replacement of squamous mucosa by intestinal-type Barrett’s metaplastic mucosa which is considered the most important factor causing esophageal adenocarcinoma. In contrast to esophageal adenocarcinoma, different risk factors and mechanisms, such as mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, play an important role in causing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Molecular studies on esophageal cancers have revealed frequent genetic abnormalities in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, including altered expression of p53, p16, cyclin D1, EGFR, E-cadherin, COX-2, iNOS, RARs, Rb, hTERT, p21, APC, c-MYC, VEGF, TGT-α and NF-κB. Many studies have focused on the role of different polymorphisms such as aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and alcohol dehydrogenase 2 in causing esophageal cancer. Different agents including bestatin, curcumin, black raspberries, 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) and COX-2 inhibitors have been found to play a role in inhibiting esophageal carcinogenesis. Different gene therapy approaches including p53 and p21WAF1 replacement gene therapies and therapy by suicide genes have also been experimented. Moreover, efforts have been made to use nanotechnology and aptamer technology in this regard.&lt;/p&gt;
</abstract>
	<keyword_fa>سرطان، مری، رفلاکس معدی-مروی، متاپلازی، دیسپلازی، ژنتیک مولکولی، ژن درمانی</keyword_fa>
	<keyword>Dysplasia,esophageal cancer,gastroesophageal reflux,gene therapy,metaplasia,molecular genetics</keyword>
	<start_page>331</start_page>
	<end_page>343</end_page>
	<web_url>http://tumj.tums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-25-219&amp;slc_lang=fa&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>Noori Daloii</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>MR</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>محمدرضا</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>نوری دلویی</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code></code>
	<orcid></orcid>
	<coreauthor>Yes
</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Maheronnaghsh</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>R</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>رادین</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>ماهرالنقش</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code></code>
	<orcid></orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Sayyah</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>MK</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>محمد کاظم</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>سیاح</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code></code>
	<orcid></orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
