Investigating the relationship between the type of delivery and neonatal and maternal outcomes in public and private hospitals in Yazd

Zareipour, Morad Ali; Mohammad Khani , Shahla; Khorsandi , Behjat; Afkhami Aghda , Faezeh; Moshirenia, Fateme; Hardani Naeemzadeh , Mahdieh

Volume 82, Issue 1 (April 2024) Tehran Univ Med J 2024, 82(1): 54-61 | Back to browse issues page

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Zareipour M A, Mohammad Khani S, Khorsandi B, Afkhami Aghda F, Moshirenia F, Hardani Naeemzadeh M. Investigating the relationship between the type of delivery and neonatal and maternal outcomes in public and private hospitals in Yazd. Tehran Univ Med J 2024; 82 (1) :54-61
URL: http://tumj.tums.ac.ir/article-1-12998-en.html

Investigating the relationship between the type of delivery and neonatal and maternal outcomes in public and private hospitals in Yazd

Morad Ali Zareipour¹

, Shahla Mohammad Khani²

, Behjat Khorsandi³

, Faezeh Afkhami Aghda⁴

, Fateme Moshirenia ^*

⁵, Mahdieh Hardani Naeemzadeh²

1- Department of Public Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran.
2- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
3- Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical, Yazd, Iran.
4- Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
5- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.| Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical, Yazd, Iran. , f.moshirenia@gmail.com

Abstract: (140 Views)

Background: The type of delivery significantly affects a woman's life and her newborn's health. Various factors, including medical conditions, personal preferences, and cultural influences, shape this decision. Increasing cesarean delivery rates have raised concerns about associated risks. This study examines the health impacts of different delivery types on mothers and newborns in Yazd hospitals, with a focus on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study involved a substantial cohort of 69,321 mothers who delivered in Yazd between March 21, 2018 to March 20, 2022. Comprehensive data were collected from Iman Hospital and relevant online patient records. To analyze the relationship between delivery type and health outcomes, independent samples t test and chi-square test were utilized. Additionally, odds ratios were calculated to assess relative risks concerning various maternal and neonatal outcomes. SPSS 26 software was employed for all analyses, with a significance level set at 5% to ensure robustness in the findings.

Results: The average age of participants in the study was 34.45±6.44 years, highlighting a mature population of mothers. Neonatal outcomes indicated that babies delivered naturally were more likely to have unfavorable Apgar scores (ranging from four to six) when compared to infants delivered via cesarean section (CI=0.99-1.55, P=0.05, OR=1.24). Furthermore, naturally delivered infants showed a significantly higher likelihood of having Apgar scores below six (CI=0.90-1.03, P=0.001). Alarmingly, the odds of neonatal death were found to be 1.22 times higher for cesarean births (CI=1.19-1.25, P<0.001). Additionally, mothers who underwent cesarean deliveries exhibited nearly a 4.9 times higher likelihood of requiring intensive care after delivery (CI=4.71-5.12, P<0.001, OR=4.9) and were 14.3 times more likely to be hospitalized postoperatively compared to those who had natural deliveries (CI=3.53-1.31, P<0.001, OR=14.33).
Conclusion: This study indicates that cesarean delivery is associated with higher complications for both mothers and newborns, highlighting the need to promote natural childbirth for better health outcomes.